Abstract: In practice, overemphasizing construction but disregarding management is particularly highlighted in rural small water conservancy facilities. The traditional mode of collective maintenance is disjointed from the current family-contract responsibility system. In some areas, the phenomenon of ’the government’s management is not in place, the collective cannot manage, and the peasants are unwilling to manage’ even appears in small rural water conservancy projects, which seriously affects the normal operation of the utility of these projects and becomes the bottleneck for the development of agricultural modernization and the promotion of farmers’ income increase. Therefore, the post-management of small rural water conservancy projects has attracted much attention. Based on the current situation of the management and protection of small-scale water conservancy projects in rural areas, this paper takes a small-scale water conservancy project in a county in southeastern Chongqing as an empirical analysis object. The central theory of the post-management mode of small rural water conservancy projects in Chongqing is systematically discussed, and policy recommendations for reference are put forward to improve the efficiency of the post-management of small rural water conservancy projects.