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考虑湖泊来水结果的分层耦合水量调度模型研究

Research on a Layered Coupled Water Regulation Model Considering the Results of Lake Water Inflow

  • 摘要: 引江济淮工程横跨长江、淮河两大流域,是缓解当地水资源短缺,提高工程利益等问题,向河南段供水的重大跨流域调水工程。在引江济淮工程供水侧及需水侧未知的情况下,利用菜子湖、巢湖和瓦埠湖的调蓄能力反向优化渠首引江水量,正向优化分水口门的取用水过程,采用模拟模型和正反双向优化模型分层耦合的形式,依据水量平衡原理来构建引江济淮工程中长期水量调度模型。针对来水情况和用水需求两部分构建典型年调度情景集合,基于不同水平年各湖泊来水预报结果,口门需水过程及工程约束条件,采用引入自适应参数修正机制的差分进化算法及逐步优化算法进行求解,以此制定引江济淮工程年水量调度方案。以2030年规划水平年丰水年为例对分层耦合水量调度模型及常规优化调度模型进行对比分析,由于分层耦合水量调度模型优化了湖泊调蓄过程并对湖泊水位进行约束,故该模型在引江水量、受水区缺水量及湖泊利用程度方面效果更优。结果显示,该模型在满足分水口门用水计划的基础上,降低了湖泊弃水量,同时湖泊末水位偏差值较小,逐旬水位变幅多保证在0.1 m内并使湖泊处于高水位运行状态。该模型得到的年水量调度方案能有效的利用当地水资源,提高水资源利用效率,为引江济淮工程运行调度和调度方案的编制提供了技术支撑。

     

    Abstract: The Yangtze River to Huai River Diversion Project spans two major river basins, the Yangtze River and the Huai River. It is a major cross basin water transfer project that alleviates local water resource shortages, improves project benefits, and supplies water to the Henan section. In the case of unknown water supply and demand sides in the Yangtze River to Huaihe River Diversion Project, the water volume at the head of the channel is reversely optimized by using the regulation and storage capacity of Caizi Lake, Chaohu Lake, and Wabu Lake, and the water intake process at the diversion outlet is forward optimized. A simulation model and a bidirectional optimization model are layered and coupled, and a medium and long-term water volume scheduling model for the Yangtze River to Huaihe River Diversion Project is constructed based on the principle of water balance. A typical annual scheduling scenario set is constructed based on the water inflow situation and water demand. Based on the water inflow forecast results of various lakes in different level years, the water demand process at the entrance and engineering constraints, a differential evolution algorithm with adaptive parameter correction mechanism and a stepwise optimization algorithm are used to solve the problem, in order to formulate the annual water volume scheduling plan for the Yangtze River to Huaihe River Diversion Project. This paper takes the 2030 planning level year of abundant water as an example to compare and analyze the layered coupling water scheduling model and the conventional optimization scheduling model. Due to the layered coupling water scheduling model optimizing the lake regulation and storage process and constraining the lake water level, the model has better effects in terms of river diversion water volume, water shortage in water receiving areas, and lake utilization. The results show that on the basis of meeting the water use plan of the diversion gate, the model reduces the lake’s abandoned water volume, and the deviation value of the lake’s end water level is small. The daily water level variation is guaranteed to be within 0.1 m, and the lake is in a high water level operation state. The annual water volume scheduling plan obtained from this model can effectively utilize local water resources, improve water resource utilization efficiency, and provide technical support for the operation scheduling and scheduling plan preparation of the Yangtze River Diversion to Huaihe River Project.

     

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