Abstract: The average net returns of rice, wheat, and corn production in China became negative in the past three years. How to increase the net returns from planting grain and encourage farmers to grow grain actively to guarantee food security in China? By discussing the differences between China and the United States about the rice, wheat, and corn production costs and returns, the soaring of labor costs is one of the most important reasons for causing the total cost of planting grain growing in China. This study showed that in the future, grain mechanization should be prioritized and funded for reducing labor input more rapidly in planting grain to improve the solution of food security. The specific policy recommendations were put forward: Taking more active measures to solve the labor-intensive bottleneck mechanization technical problems, supporting the development of social services for agricultural machinery operations, promoting land transfer to achieve large-scale operations, strengthen infrastructure construction that was conducive to agricultural machinery operations.