Abstract: In view of the problem of high damage rate of apples during post-natal processing such as cleaning, grading and packaging, Red Fuji apples were used as test materials, and the self-made apple drop test stand was used to study the impact of drop height, fruit quality, and collision materials on apple drop injury. Through the three-factor three-level orthogonal test, the significance of the test factors on the collision damage volume of the apple was analyzed, and the critical drop height of the impact damage of the apple under the two collision materials is determined through the experiment. The test results show that the significant factors affecting the impact damage volume of apples are drop height, collision material, and fruit quality in descending order; the critical drop heights of collision damage between 3 quality apples and 2 collision materials are as follows: the critical drop height of 150 g apple colliding with ordinary carbon steel and PE board is 59.06 mm and 70.93 mm respectively; the critical drop height of 200 g apple colliding with ordinary carbon steel and PE board is 51.70 mm and 63.03 mm respectively; the critical drop height of 250 g apple colliding with ordinary carbon steel and PE board is 41.65 mm and 49.88 mm respectively.