Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to analyze the problems existing in the first part of the current water and fertilizer integration system and explore its development direction. Firstly, according to the matching mode of fertilizer applicator and irrigation system, the head of the system was classified, and the structure and principle of the head part of the bypass system for fertilizer injection in the branch road and the head part of the fertilizer premixed system in the main pipeline were clarified. Secondly, the common implementation methods of the fertilizer applicator control system were summarized, and the control mode and control logic of the single machine control system and the network control system were analyzed. The advantages and disadvantages of various control methods were analyzed. Thirdly, it was summarized the current emerging water and fertilizer integration + new technology（equipment）, expounded the new technology and new equipment in the process of integration of water and fertilizer and traditional technology and equipment; Fourthly, it was pointed out the main problems of the head of the system, mainly demonstrates that the control logic of the head control system was difficult to adapt to the agronomic management and difficult to follow the phase. Finally, the development direction of the system head was discussed, terminal equipment was developed to miniaturize and portable, the intelligent control system was combined with the intelligent gateway of edge calculation. It should be combined with the specific planting mode and crops to realize the unmanned management.