Abstract: In order to achieve the goal of 75% of the comprehensive mechanization rate of crop cultivation in China by 2025, the categories of agricultural machinery and equipment are basically complete, the key agricultural machinery products and key parts are coordinated, and the product quality and reliability reach the international advanced level. It is necessary to further create a good science and technology innovation ecology and stimulate the science and technology innovation potential of agricultural mechanization. From the perspective of innovation ecology, this paper summarizes the role and characteristics of each innovation subject, analyzes the internal and external constraints of agricultural mechanization science and technology innovation, and constructs the collaborative innovation mode of agricultural mechanization science and technology. Finally, the paper puts forward the suggestions of creating a good innovation ecology of agricultural mechanization engineering, explores to create a good science and technology innovation ecology in many aspects, strengthen the ability of scientific and technological innovation of agricultural mechanization, and promotes the construction of agricultural modernization.