Abstract: In order to improve the land use efficiency of plastic greenhouse and the convenient operation of agricultural machinery in the greenhouse, a new type of large-span single plastic greenhouse was designed, and the temperature and light characteristics of the greenhouse was analyzed, providing theoretical reference for the research and development and promotion of the new greenhouse in Southern Zhejiang. The temperature and light environment inside and outside the plastic greenhouse were tested and analyzed with the new large span single plastic greenhouse. The results show that the span of single greenhouse was 9.6 m, ridge height 4.5 m, the design of double track and three sliding doors was beneficial to the entry and exit of agricultural machinery. During the experiment, the light distribution in the east side of the greenhouse is better than that in the west side, and the light transmittance in the greenhouse under three typical weather conditions accounted for 60.17%, 67.59%, 66.61%. During the experiment, the lowest temperature was-2.3 ℃ outside, which was higher 2.4 ℃ in the greenhouse than that outside the greenhouse.The average temperature in the east, middle and west of the greenhouse at night was higher 14.80%, 14.41% and 11.58% than that in the outside. The temperature distribution in the greenhouse was relatively uniform. According to the analysis of the structure and performance of the new large-span single plastic greenhouse, increasing the span of the greenhouse properly can improve the efficiency of mechanized operation, improving the temperature and light distribution in the greenhouse, and has the feasibility of popularization.