Abstract: Aiming at the problems of poor seed filling effect caused by unreasonable structure design and material selection of the existing hill-drop seeding device for millet, this paper attempts to improve the effect of hill-drop seeding by clarifying the relationship between structural parameters such as seedbox of hill-drop seeding device and characteristics of millet seed material. Three kinds of millet seeds, dashuijingu, zhangzagu 13 and Longgu 31, which are widely planted in Heilongjiang Province, were selected as the research objects. The material characteristics of three kinds of millet seeds, such as shape size, 1 000-grain weight, porosity, internal friction angle, natural repose angle, sliding friction angle and suspension velocity, were measured through experiments The results showed that the mean length, width, and height of Dashuijinguu seeds were 2.21 mm, 1.79 mm, and 1.25 mm, respectively. The average length, width, and height of Zhangzagu 13 seeds were 2.13 mm, 1.76 mm, and 1.33 mm, respectively. The average length, width, and height of Longgu 31 seeds were 2.08 mm, 1.71 mm, and 1.41 mm, respectively. Most of the sphericity of the three kinds of millet seeds were between 79% and 85%. The 1 000-grain weight of Dashuijingu is 2.98 g, Zhangzagu 13 is 3.24 g, and Longgu 31 is 3.52 g. The porosity of Dashuijingu is 0.271%, Zhangzagu 13 is 0.236%, and Longgu 31 is 0.204%. The natural angle of repose increases with the increase of internal friction angle. The sliding friction angle of the three kinds of millet seeds on the same material has no significant difference, and the sliding friction angle on the plastic plate is the smallest. The suspension velocities of the three kinds of millet seeds are all very small, less than 2 m/s. Through the analysis of the test results, in order to obtain better effects of seed filling and seed arrangement, the angle between the seed box and the horizontal plane should be greater than 30°, the material should be plastic plates, the height of the seed feeding should be reduced, and the seed guide device should be installed. The experimental results provided a reference for the design of the structural parameters of the hill-seeder for millet.