Abstract: Based on the high-quality development background, this paper calculates and analyzes the temporal and spatial evolution characteristics of the allocation efficiency of China’s agricultural machinery equipment by using a modified EBM model. The spatial correlation and agglomeration characteristics of this efficiency are revealed by using exploratory spatial data analysis methods（ESDA）. The results show that the allocation efficiency of agricultural machinery equipment in China is low, showing a trend of first rising and then descending, and the efficiency range is 0.326～0.481. There are obvious regional differences in the allocation efficiency of agricultural machinery equipment, which is higher than the national average in the central region and the eastern region in most years, and always lower than the national average in the western regions. The number of the optimal regions is always maintained at 12. The number of non-optimal regions decreases first and then increases. The number of sub-optimal regions increases in a fluctuating way, and the number of weak regions decreases in a fluctuating way. The global Moran index of the allocation efficiency of agricultural machinery equipment is positive, the variation range of the efficiency is 0.144 7～0.533 5, and the spatial agglomeration phenomenon is remarkable. The results of local spatial autocorrelation show that the number of provinces with positive spatial correlation decreases first and then increases, and the number of provinces with negative spatial correlation is small. The trend of spatial homogeneity is more obvious. Therefore, the high-quality development of the agricultural machinery equipment manufacturing industry needs to constantly improve the allocation efficiency of the agricultural machinery equipment, pay attention to the regional differences in efficiency, promote cross-regional coordination and cooperation, and give play to the radiation and driving role of high-efficiency provinces.