Abstract: Given the increasing shortage of rural labor force, sweet potato planting cost has increased. The domestic environment for specialized sweet potato transplanting machines is not mature, which leads to the lower rate of sweet potato planting mechanization with low efficiency, further leading to farmers’ urgent demand for sweet potato transplanting machines. Based on the research of sweet potato planting agronomic requirements, it analyzed the research and application status of sweet potato planting machinery at home and abroad, pointing out to the complicacy of sweet potato mechanization transplanting ＆ cultivation environment, difficulty in sweet potato seedling transplantation ＆ segmentation, and the complexity of planting agronomic process. The main problem is that sweet potato transplanting technology was not mature. From farm machinery and organic agricultural fusion, thus improving of the adaptability of transplanting machine and sweet potato transplanting equipment integration, research and application of intelligent technology of sweet potato mechanization transplanting research direction were put forward. From sweet potato seedling technology, three aspects-directional positioning conveying technology, horizontal, and bottom transplanting technology-were found to break through the key technology, providing a reference for future development of sweet potato mechanization planting technology.