Abstract: To research the effect of a single-rotor oil-powered drone on the droplet deposition of tall palm trees, a three-factor and three-level orthogonal experiment was set up. It was studied the influence of nozzle flow, operating height, and flight speed on palm tree droplet deposition, droplet penetration, and ground loss by variance analysis. And it was analyzed the relationship between test indicators and droplet deposition, droplet penetration, and ground loss. The results show that the operating height has a significant effect on the penetration of fog droplets. As the operating height increases, the penetration of fog droplets increases, and the amount of ground loss increases. The optimal operation parameters are different under different evaluation indicators. The droplet deposition amount, droplet penetration, and ground loss are the corresponding evaluation parameters for the evaluation indicators（nozzle flow rate, operation height, and flight speed）. As the nozzle flow increases, the operating height decreases, the flying speed decreases, the droplet deposition volume increases, and the droplet penetration decreases. As the nozzle flow decreases, the operating height increases. As the flying speed decreases, the droplet penetrability increases. For the palm tree structure and the location of pests and diseases, the operating parameters of the plant protection drone are optimized to ensure a good droplet deposition effect. This test can provide a reference for the flight prevention of palm trees.