Abstract: In order to reduce the mechanical damage of naked oat grains during sowing, harvesting, storage, transportation, and processing, the mechanical properties of naked oat grains were studied. The experiment selected Jinyan No.18, which is widely planted in Shanxi Province, as the research object and took water content, shear rate, and shear direction as the test factors to study the influence law of each factor on the test indexes such as shear force and shear failure energy. The results showed that water content and loading direction had significant effects on the shear force and shear energy of bare oat grains. In the range of 12.04%～22.56% moisture content, the shear force and shear energy of naked oat grains showed a decreasing trend with the increase in moisture content. When naked oats grain is turned sideways, the shear failure force is the largest, 18.86 N; when the grain is upward, the shear failure force is the smallest, 14.44 N. The shear rate has no significant effect on the shear force, and the shear rate has a significant effect on the shear energy. With the increase of the shear rate, the shear failure energy of naked oat grains increases. This study provides a theoretical reference for the design and development of mechanized equipment for naked oat.