Abstract: The combination of 5G technology and UAV image transmission can help improve the picture quality and transmission rate of UAV image transmission and promote the in-depth application of UAV in multiple industries. The application of UAV in plant protection can also promote the development of target spraying technology of UAV. This paper sorts out several ways of UAV image transmission, analyzes the advantages of 5G UAV image transmission, summarizes the research status of 5G UAV image transmission and plant protection UAV target spraying at home and abroad, and points out the problems of the technology, which includes 5G signal instability, sole function of the image transmission system, and lack of research on 5G UAV image transmission in plant protection UAV target spraying, et al. Finally, this paper made suggestions on improving 5G signal coverage and safety construction, increasing the functions of the ground end, and strengthening the combination of 5G UAV image transmission and plant protection UAV to target spraying. It is expected to provide a reference for the development of precision pesticide application technology of plant protection UAV with 5G UAV image transmission.