Abstract: Aiming at the problems of complicated structure and inconvenient maintenance of the inner-filled hole planter for cotton nest eye wheel, based on the working principle of the vertical disc seeder, a double-chamber vertical toothed disc structure hole seeder for cotton was designed. Firstly, the structure and composition of the double-chamber vertical toothed disc structure hole seeder for cotton was described. The structural parameters of the drop seeder and the tooth disc for seed selection were designed respectively, and the seeding depth was determined to be 2.5 cm, the plant spacing was 9 cm, the diameter of the rotary disc was 40 cm, and the diameter of the drop seeder was 410 mm, and the number of duck mouths was 16. The rationality of the structural parameters was judged according to the synchronization between the chambers to ensure reasonable design of the structural parameters. According to the demand for single seed collection, the arrangement of multiple cotton seeds in the seed collection hole was analyzed, and the size of the seed collection hole was determined to be 9.1 mm×4.9 mm×3.6 mm. The force analysis of the cotton seed at the hole mouth was carried out, and the angle of placement of the seed hole was calculated to be 32°. Finally, in order to test the seeding performance of the hole seeder, a field verification experiment was carried out. The results showed that the average pass rate was 94.5%, replay rate was 3.57%, void rate was 1.884%, and seeding performance met the requirements of China’s national standards.