Abstract: In order to solve the problem of ambiguity of main factors affecting mechanized sowing cost of garlic, the factors of garlic planter price, maintenance price and tractor price were analyzed. Based on the Box-Behnken central composite design theory model（BBD model）, the correlation analysis was carried out by planter price, mechanical operation cost, sowing efficiency, planting years, planting area, and sowing cost as response. The results showed that planting area was the biggest factor affecting sowing cost, and mechanical operation cost was the smallest factor affecting sowing cost. The effects of factors on sowing cost as follows: planting area＞sowing efficiency＞planter price＞planting years＞mechanical operation cost. Analysis found that 84.78% of the machine sowing method was better than the artificial sowing cost. After optimization of the sowing cost model, the F value was 593.33, P＜0.000 1, model determination coefficient R~2 was 0.994 8, and lack of fit P value was 0.91. The tracking effect of the predicted and actual sowing cost values was good, indicating that the optimization model was reliable. The results are expected to provide reference for garlic sowing cost prediction and selection of suitable mechanized sowing technology and equipment.