Abstract: In order to detect the maturity of ‘Guichang’ kiwifruit quickly and nondestructively, a detection method based on hyperspectral imaging and pattern recognition was proposed. Firstly, the Vis/NIR hyperspectral imaging system（390-1 030 nm） was used to collect hyperspectral images of kiwifruit samples at different maturity stages and the spectra reflectance in the regions of whole samples was extracted. Secondly, the preprocessing effectiveness of second derivative（SD）, standard normal variation（SNV） and multi-scatter calibration（MSC） on the original spectra was compared and evaluated. Finally, partial least square discrimination（PLS-DA） analysis and simplified K nearest neighbor（SKNN） recognition models were built to distinguish the maturity of kiwifruit. The experimental results showed that the preprocessing effectiveness of second derivative was better than standard normal variation and multi-scatter calibration. The correct identification rates of PLS-DA recognition model reached 100%, exhibiting a relatively better recognition ability than SKNN recognition model. Therefore, it is possible to determine the maturity of ‘Guichang’ kiwifruits by hyperspectral imaging technology and pattern recognition.