Abstract: The long-term existence of small farmer household is the reality of agricultural development in China, and the improvement of the degree of peasant household organization is of great significance to the development of modern agriculture. At present, the regional specialization pattern of traditional Chinese medicine industry in Longxi County has been formed, but the industrial organization mode based on market random type leads to the low degree of peasant household organization. Therefore, taking the farmers of traditional Chinese medicine in Longxi County as the investigation object, and relying on the regional specialized production pattern of traditional Chinese medicine, based on 223 samples of pharmaceutical farmers’ data, the multivariate ordered Probit model is used to analyze the factors that affect the degree of farmers’ organization, and to discuss how farmers participate in the operation of industrial organizations. The results show that whether farmers carry out land transfer, whether they participate in order agriculture, whether they can obtain loans, the ways to purchase agricultural materials, the input fees for agricultural machinery, whether they have participated in planting technical training, and their satisfaction with institutions or organizations in the promotion of production technology, the importance of signing contracts or cooperation with cooperatives（or enterprises） to their own production, whether signing contracts or cooperation with cooperatives（or enterprises） can increase income and other factors, it can significantly affect the degree of peasant household organization.