Abstract: In recent years, the competition in agricultural machinery industry has become increasingly fierce, and the living environment of agricultural machinery manufacturing enterprises is not optimistic. In order to improve the market competition level of M agricultural machinery manufacturing enterprises, the evaluation system of the core competitiveness of agricultural machinery manufacturing enterprises from the perspective of their own characteristics and the impact of supply chain is constructed from the perspective of supply chain, and the comprehensive weighting method combining analytic hierarchy process and CRITIC method is introduced.The evaluation model of core competitiveness of agricultural machinery manufacturing enterprises is established by means of matter-element extension evaluation method. Taking M agricultural machinery manufacturing enterprise in Xinjiang agricultural machinery supply chain as the research object, the comprehensive correlation degree of its core competitiveness level is calculated. The results show that the core competitiveness of M agricultural machinery manufacturing enterprises is in the excellent level, but 17.8% of the indicators are still in the general level. Finally, the extension innovation method is used to improve it. The research shows that the established evaluation model and the extension innovation method can effectively judge and improve the core competitiveness of M agricultural machinery manufacturingenterprises.