Abstract: In order to solve the problems of low qualification rate and long leaf tassels in mechanized harvesting of pickled vegetables, based on the requirements of simultaneous leaf cutting and root cutting operations, a pickled vegetable combine harvester was developed that can simultaneously perform both leaf cutting and root cutting harvesting operations. This article elaborates on the structure and working principle of the entire machine and conducts structural design and theoretical analysis of the key components of the prototype. The physical appearance characteristics of the green vegetable head were measured, and the force conditions during different tool edge sliding cutting operations were analyzed. A V-shaped single-edge sliding cutting tool was designed with a cutting edge angle of 25° and a sliding cutting angle range of 20°-55°. Considering the height and traction requirements of the harvesting operation, a height-adjustable cutting tool holder and a tracked chassis were designed. Relevant data such as the walking speed, grounding pressure, and maximum traction force of the tracked walking device were calculated to clarify the working mechanism of the combine harvester, determine the main parameters that affect the qualification rate of leaf-cutting and root-cutting harvesting operations, and optimize the parameters of the entire machine based on orthogonal experiments. The optimal working parameters were determined as follows: the cutting angle of the cutting tool into the soil was 5°, the sliding angle of the tool was 40°, the center height of the blade shaft was 400 mm, the blade speed was 1 500 r/min, and the walking speed was 0.5 m/s. Among these parameters, the cutting angle into the soil has the greatest impact on the root-cutting qualification rate, and the walking speed has a minor impact on the leaf-cutting and root-cutting operation qualification rate. Under the optimal parameters, the leaf-cutting qualification rate and root-cutting qualification rates were 96.8% and 91.2%, respectively. All indicators meet the operational requirements for mechanized harvesting of pickled vegetables.