Research status analysis of key technology and loss of soybean harvester header

As the cornerstone of soybean harvesting equipment, the technical efficacy of the header significantly influences both the quality of harvest and the rate of soybean loss. This paper investigates and evaluates the pivotal technologies associated with header design profiling, header height control, and technologies impacting header loss rates. Initially, it provides a synthesis of the structure, operational principles, and critical technologies concerning the profiling mechanism and height control of the cutting table, while conducting a comparative analysis of research lacunae domestically and internationally. Subsequently, it conducts an in-depth analysis of the correlation between key technologies related to soybean pod ejection and header functionality and the ensuing header loss. Discussion ensues on the principal causes and influential factors contributing to header loss, alongside proposes enhancement strategies for key technologies. Finally, it looks forward with the development trend of soybean harvester cutting table in China in the direction of diversification, intelligence and automation, the development trend of soybean pod blasting biological characteristics and harvest loss research of soybean harvester. It is found that the existing soybean harvesters in China have some problems, such as poor cutting table copying performance, lagging cutting table adaptive control technology and high cutting table loss rate. At the same time, it effectively reveals the problems existing in the key technologies of soybean harvester cutting table copying mechanism, cutting table lifting device, self-adaptability of cutting table and cutting knife, and the reasons for the high loss rate of cutting table caused by cutting table vibration, cutting table position, copying and impact force, which provides important references for the breakthrough innovation of key technologies of soybean harvester cutting table in China and further research on reducing harvest loss.