Abstract: To improve the characteristics of the spore,elater and oil body of Lophoziaceae and to provide detailed information for classification,the morphology of 11 species of the Lophoziaceae was observed by scanning electron microscopy,6 species provided for the morphological characteristics of spore and elater,and9 species provided for oil body.The results showed that:（1） The spores of 6 species of Lophoziaceae were spherical,near spherical or elliptical with brown,reddish-brown or yellowish brown respectively.The spore size of them were from 10-16μm belonging to MI type,and their faces near pole were usually concave.The ornamentation of the above spores were verrucose,clavate,spinate,granular or short baculite respectively.（2）The elaters of 6 species of Lopholoziaceae were densely bispiral with obtuse both ends,and their cuticle were smooth or granulate.（3）The oil bodies of 9 species of Lophoziaceae were spherical,elliptical or oval,with the diameter between 3-10μm.The detailed description and illustration on morphological evidence of spores,elaters and oil bodies of 11 species of Lophoziaceae might provide the elemental data for the systematic taxonomy and evolution of Lophoziaceae.