Abstract: The afforestation of Pinus koraiensis under canopy is an important management method to promotethe transformation of natural secondary forest to broad-leaved Korean pine forest. For different tree species andcomposition ratio,the forest afforestation environment is very different in the diverse types of natural secondaryforest. However,there was no research on the improvement of P. koraiensis varieties in Korean pine afforestationunder canopy of natural secondary forest. In view of problems above,the provenance test of Korean pine wasperformed in different types of natural secondary forests,such as mixed forests,Poplar-brich forests,andhardwood forests,in Lilin experimental forest station of Xiaoxing’an mountains. The results showed that therewere significant or extremely significant differences in diameter above ground,height,7-year high growth,oneyear high growth,and conservation rate of Korean pine provenances among different types of natural secondaryforests;the Poplar-brich forests exhibited the best performances of Korean pine afforestation under canopy,followed by hard broad forest hardwood forests by turn;the Tieli was the superior provenance for afforestation inPoplar-brich forests and mixed forests,while the Wangqing provenance showed the best performance in theexcellent provenance in hardwood forests.