Abstract: Grassland biodiversity played an important role in grassland ecosystem stability. In order to reveal the influence mechanism of soil physical and chemical properties on plant diversity of different management methods in grassland, and clarify the changes of species diversity and functional diversity, and the sample plots in the single-household management pasture（SMP） and multi-household management pasture（MMP） of plant community in Alpine Meadow of Gannan were surveyed respectively. The results indicated that:（1）The Margalef index, Simpson index, and Shannon-Winener index of the plant communities under MMP were significantly higher than those under SMP, while the Pielou index was not significantly different under different grazing management methods.（2）Under different management methods, the soil water content, the soil total nitrogen and the soil total phosphorus under MMP were significantly higher than those under SMP（P＜0.05） respectively; the soil conductivity and soil pH under SMP were higher than those under MMP; with the deepening of soil layer, the soil water content, the soil total phosphorus, the soil total nitrogen, the soil organic carbon, and the soil conductivity were higher respectively, however the soil pH had no significant difference in the different soil layer.（3）The functional richness, functional evenness index, and functional dispersion under MMP were higher than those under SMP respectively, and the difference between SMP and MMP were significant（P＜0.05）.（4）The correlation analysis showed that: the plant species diversity and functional diversity were significantly positively correlated with the soil water content, the soil total nitrogen, and the soil phosphorus, the soil conductivity and soil pH were significantly negatively correlated with plant species diversity and functional diversity. The redundancy analysis showed that: the effect of soil physicochemical properties on plant diversity was more significant under MMP, and the correlation between soil physicochemical properties and plant diversity were higher at the 0-10 cm soil layer. The soil total nitrogen and the soil organic carbon were significant influencing factors of plant diversity under SMP and the soil total nitrogen and the soil total phosphorus were significant influencing factors of plant diversity under MMP.