Abstract: Genetic diversity parameters,principal coordinates analysis（PCoA）,and analysis of molecular variance（AMOVA） were conducted by using GENALEX6.502 and ARLEQUINv3.5 software.STRUCTUREv 2.3.4,STRUCTURE Harvester,CLUMP,and Distruct software were used to analyze genetic structure.We systematically sampled 202 individuals from 12 Limonium bicolor populations distributed throughout the Yellow River Delta（YRD） region in China.By exploring the micro-geographic genetic structure using the codominant microsatellite（SSR） markers,we aimed to answer questions as to what extent the population structure and dynamics of L.bicolor YRD.The demonstrated a medium level of genetic differentiation in L.bicolor.The genetic variation was mainly maintained within populations,with a weak but significant genetic differentiation being detected among populations(F_ST=0.067).Shannon’s information index was 1.037,and gene flow was 4.106,the observed heterozygosity（H_o） and expected heterozygosity（H_e） was 0.43 and 0.529.Genetic diversity and population genetic structure were analyzed in L.bicolor to provide useful information for management,protection and utilization.In brief,suggesting that more individuals from different populations should be collected to protect the genetic diversity of L.bicolor.