Applications of genetic vaccine in veterinary field
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摘要: 基因工程疫苗即利用DNA重组技术，将病原的保护性抗原编码基因片段定向插入载体或表达系统中，使之能够实现体内或体外的高效表达进而制成疫苗，如亚单位疫苗、重组活载体疫苗、基因缺失疫苗和核酸疫苗等。相较于传统疫苗，基因工程疫苗能不断刺激机体免疫系统产生长期免疫；避免因病原体变异而造成免疫逃避；一个质粒载体可克隆多个抗原基因组成多价疫苗，提高了疾病的防治效率和效果，是未来的主要发展和研究方向之一。文章对基因工程疫苗在兽医领域的研究进展进行了概述，旨在为相应研究与实践提供一定参考。Abstract: Engineering vaccine uses DNA recombination technology to insert the protective antigen coding gene fragment of pathogen into vector or expression system,so that it can be efficiently expressed and made into vaccine,which mainly include subunit vaccine,recombinant live vector vaccine,gene deletion vaccine and nucleic acid vaccine. Compared with traditional vaccines,engineering vaccine can continuously stimulate the immune system to produce long-term immunity,avoid immune evasion caused by pathogen variation. One plasmid vector can clone multiple antigen genes to form multivalent vaccine,which improves the efficiency and effect of disease control,and is easy to store and transport. It is one of the main development and research directions in the future. This paper mainly discusses the research situation and development trend of engineering vaccine in veterinary field,aiming to provide some reference for the corresponding research and practice.
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