Numerical simulation on water hammer in pressurized pipeline based on MIAB model
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摘要: 为提高1D水锤模型对有压管道瞬变流预测精度，在传统1D恒定摩阻模型中引入额外的瞬时附加摩阻项，建立了改进的非恒定摩阻模型.利用2个模型分别对3种不同初始流速工况的水库-管道-阀门系统压力瞬变特性进行数值模拟，并对比了不同模型的预测精度.结果表明：恒定摩阻模型和非恒定摩阻模型的压力波在第1个周期内的压力变化预测值均与试验值较为接近.而在第1个压力波周期以后，二者在低流速工况预测的压力峰值与试验值误差分别为10.3%和4.7%,改进的非恒定摩阻模型预测精度大幅提高.对压力波传播特性的研究表明，压力波在系统内不同位置处的传播和反射特性存在明显不同：在1个水锤波周期内，压力波在水箱处受到压强差作用产生全负反射，而在阀门处由于微流段的速度变化为0,仅改变了方向.研究结果能够为有压管道的安全稳定运行和优化设计提供一定的参考.Abstract: In order to improve the predictive accuracy of 1D water hammer model for transient flow in pressurized pipelines, an additional transient friction term was introduced into the traditional 1D steady friction model and an improved unsteady friction model was developed. Using these two models, the pressure transient characteristics of a reservoir-pipeline-valve system were numerically simulated for three different steady-state initial flow velocity conditions. The predictive accuracy of the two models was compared. The results indicate that both the steady friction model and the improved unsteady friction model closely approximate the pressure variations in the first period of the pressure wave, in accordance with experimental values. However, after the first pressure wave period, the errors in predicting pressure peak values for low initial velocity conditions are 10.3% and 4.7% for the steady and unsteady friction models respectively. The improved unsteady friction model shows significantly enhanced predictive accuracy. Research into pressure wave propagation characteristics reveals distinct differences in wave propagation and reflection behavior at different locations in the system. During one water hammer period, pressure waves experience complete negative reflection at the reservoir due to pressure difference effects, while at the valve, the waves only change direction due to negligible velocity change in the micro-fluid section. These findings contribute valuable insights into the safe and stable operation as well as optimization design of pressurized pipelines.
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