Effects of grassland transfer on livelihoods of herdsmen: Based on a survey of 566 herdsmen households in Xinjiang pastoral areas
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摘要: 牧草地流转是土地流转的重要组成部分，牧草地流转状况不仅关系到国家政策的落实，更关系每一户牧民的生计，是乡村振兴中不可忽视的一部分，但学术界对其研究的文献相对较少。基于此，以新疆牧区为研究范围，采用实地调研的方法，运用Logistic模型对问卷数据实证分析，研究了牧草地流转对牧户生计的影响。得出牧草地是否流转、家庭人口数、牧户户主职业对牧户家庭收支状况有明显影响；牧户家庭子女数、家庭成员最高学历、住房满意度、文娱活动以及医疗支付能力对牧户收入满意度有显著影响。故提出，需完善促进牧草地流转的政策、鼓励牧区劳动力向二三产业转移、提升牧区人力资本、做好牧民的社会保障工作、丰富牧区牧民精神文化生活等针对性建议。本研究对促进牧草地流转，改变传统的畜牧业生产方式，实现节本增效，促进畜牧业的规模化发展有一定参考价值。Abstract: The pasture and grassland circulation is an important part of land circulation which has great significance on implementation of national policies as well as livelihood of herdsmen. It is a non-negligible part of rural revitalization, however, there are few literatures about it in the academic circle. In this regard, this paper took Xinjiang pastoral area as the research area, adopted questionnaire survey,field interview and logistic model for empirical analysis of the questionnaire data in order to study the impact of pasture and grassland circulation on the livelihoods of herdsmen. The results showed that the pasture and grassland circulation, the number of households, and the occupation of householder had a significant impact on the income and expenditure of herdsmen. The number of children, the highest educational background of family members, housing satisfaction, recreational activities and medical payment ability had a significant impact on herdsmen’s income satisfaction. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the policies to promote the pasture and grassland circulation, encourage the transfer of labor force in pastoral areas to secondary and tertiary industries, enhance human capital in pastoral areas, do a good job in social security work for herders, and enrich the spiritual and cultural life of herders. This study has reference value for promoting the circulation of pasture and grassland, changing the traditional production methods of animal husbandry, achieving costsaving and increasing efficiency, as well as promoting the large-scale development of animal husbandry.
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