青海湖流域种子植物区系研究

吴玉虎; 庞哲; 史惠兰

青海湖流域种子植物区系研究

吴玉虎^1,2,
庞哲^2, ,,
史惠兰³

1. 中国科学院西北高原生物研究所;
2. 中国科学院大学资源与环境学院;
3. 青海大学生态环境工程学院

基金项目:

第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究项目(2019QZKK0304-02,2019QZKK0302-02)

国家自然科学基金专项项目(42041005)

中国科学院青海省人民政府三江源国家公园联合研究专项(LHZX-2020-02)

详细信息

作者简介:
吴玉虎(1951—),男,研究员,主要从事植物系统分类和植物区系地理研究

通讯作者:
庞哲,E-mail:pangzhe@ucas.ac.cn

中图分类号: Q948.5
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-09-11
- 刊出日期: 2024-05-19

Study on the Seed Flora of Qinghai Lake Basin, China

1. Northwest Plateau Institute of Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences;
2. College of Resources and Environment,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences;
3. College of Eco-environmental,Qinghai University

摘要

摘要: 青海湖流域位于青海省东部（36°15′～38°15′N,97°50′～101°45′E），处于青藏高原和黄土高原的过渡地带，海拔3 160～4 953 m，全区面积约29 660 km2，属于高原大陆性气候。该区有种子植物823种，隶属于61科231属，依次为青海种、科、属数的23.13%、62.89%和38.82%。区系分析结果表明：（1）该区系的种类仅有2.78种/km2，这在唐古特地区的众多自然区域中相对并不丰富。（2）包括中国特有植物种类在内，该区系的温带成分占99.00%，以绝对优势确定了本区系明显的温带性质。（3）木本种类少，少有古老的和原始的类群，而是以多年生草本为核心的植物区系。（4）该区的一些中国特有种是经其广布的亲缘种衍生而来，这是该区系年轻和衍生的性质的具体体现。（5）我国华北区系和西南高山区系均对该区具有不同程度的影响。（6）特有属少，特有种多数为水生植物，表现出青海湖独特而隐域性的水湿环境的特化结果。（7）中国特有种的核心成分是出现种类最多的甘肃—西藏—四川亚型。而在青藏高原植物亚区中，该区隶属于其中的唐古特地区。
- 青海湖流域 /
- 植物区系 /
- 区系特征 /
- 区系分区
Abstract: Located in eastern Qinghai, China, the Qinghai Lake basin extends between latitudes 36°15′-38°15′N and longitudes 97°50′-101°45′E at the transition zone between the Qinghai-xizang Plateau and the Loess Plateau, the elevations ranging from 3 160-4 953 m, and the total area encompasses 29 660 km2, and the climate is typified by the alpine continental variety. There were 823 species of seed plants, distributed across 231 genera of 61 families, accounting for 23.13%, 62.89% and 38.82% of the total species, families and genera found in Qinghai respectively. The results of taxonomic analysis indicated that:（1）The density of species in every square kilometer was only 2.78, which was relatively poor compared to the numerous natural areas in the Tangut region.（2）Including the endemic plant species in China, 99.00% of the fauna was temperate, which determined that the fauna was temperate in nature.（3）There were a few woody species, few ancient and primitive groups, yet the flora with perennial herbs as the core.（4）Some of the Chinese endemic species in this region were derived from their extensive relatives, which was a concrete embodiment of the young and derived nature of the region.（5）The North China Autonomous Region and the Southwest High Mountain Region both had different degrees of influence on this region.（6）There were few endemic genera, and the endemic species were primarily aquatic plants, showing the special evolution results of the unique and Hidden domain water wet environment of Qinghai Lake.（7）The core of China’s endemic species belonged to the GansuXizang-Sichuan subtype, which had the highest diversity of species. Within the subregion of plants on the Qinghai-xizang Plateau, this area belonged to the Tangut region.
- Qinghai Lake basin /
- flora /
- floristic characteristics /
- floristic regionalization

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参考文献(7)

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